Magnetic cylinder squares



June 28, 1966 R. A. VAUGHN 3,258,658

MAGNETIC CYLINDER SQUARES Filed May 7, 1964 1647A. mus/7w United States Patent O 3,258,658 MAGNETIC CYLINDER SQUARES Ray A. Vaughn, Utica, Mich., assignor to Cecil W. Halbert, Grosse Point Woods, Mich. Filed May 7, 1964, Ser. No. 365,714 3 Claims. ((31. 317-459) This invention relates to improvements in magnetic cylinder squares magnetically removably securable to magnetic type structures for establishing perpendicularity to a surface thereof or squareness of another structure in respect to a surface of the said magnetic structure upon which the magnetic cylinder square may be releasably fixed, and for other like or related reference or checking purposes.

The primary object of the instant invention is to provide an improved and simplified cylinder square magnetically rernovably securable by permanent means thereof perpendicular or normal to a magnetic work piece such as iron or steel, including manually operable means making effective and cancelling the magnetic force of said permanent magnet means whereby to readily fix said cylinder square perpendicular or normal to said work piece and remove it therefrom.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved magnetic cylinder square including a cylindrical metal housing, a non-magnetic cylindrical sleeve fixed in one end of said housing, a magnetizable pad fixed in the outer end of said sleeve at the end of said housing comprising a plurality of magnetizable bars extending through said pad fixed in said pad by nonmagnetic means in lateral spaced relationship to each other, the outer end of said housing, said sleeve and said pad being in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of said housing, a turnable magnetic piston comprising a non-magnetic shell including longitudinally disposed permanent magnet elements fixed therein and disposed for alignment and contact with the magnetizable bars of said pad, said turnable magnetic piston begin disposed within said shell with the inner end thereof in juxtaposition with the inner face of said pad, a non-magnetic operating head turnably mounted in the other end of said housing including a rod connected in non-turnable relationship to said turnable magnetic piston whereby to turn the same within said non-magnetic sleeve in said cylindrical housing, and means limiting the turning of said magnetic piston within said sleeve in cylindrical housing with the magnetic bars thereof to an ON position in alignment with and to an OFF position forty-five degrees out-of-alignment with said fixed magnetizable bars in said end pad whereby to make said cylinder square magnetically securable to or readily removable from a magnetic structure.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent by reference to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a magnetic cylinder square embodying the invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 22 of FIG. 1 showing the turnable magnetic piston means of the magnetic cylinder square disposed in its ON position within a non-magnetic sleeve fixed in the front end of the cylindrical housing.

FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of FIG. 1 through the skirt of the magnetic turnable pis- Patented June 28, 1966 ton means showing means preferably employed for limiting the turning of the magnetic turnable piston means to and from its OFF and ON positions.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view through the fixed nonmagnetic sleeve.

FIG. 5 is a front elevational view of the magnetic cylinder square taken on the line 55 of FIG. 1 showing a preferred arrangement of magnetizable bars in the fixed magnetizable end pad.

FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of FIG. 1 showing the turnable magnetic piston means in elevation and disposed in its ON position.

FIG. 7 is a cross sectional view similar to FIG. 6 showing the turnable magnetic piston means turned to its OFF position.

FIG. 8 is a side elevational view of a magnetic cylinder square of the invention magnetically secured at its front end in perpendicular relationship on a surface of a magnetic work piece ready to be calipered or gauged for the squareness of a right angle corner, thus illustrating one of the many uses of a magnetic cylinder square of the invention, the magnetic turnable piston thereof having been turned to its ON position.

FIG. 9 is a rear end elevational view of the magnetic cylinder square of FIGS. 1-8 inclusive indicating the direction of turning of the operating head thereof to its OFF and ON positions.

Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference characters refer to like and corresponding parts throughout the several views, the particular embodiment of the magnetic cylinder square Ill disclosed for illustrative purposes preferably consists of a cylindrical housing 11 of steel or other suitable material having fixed in one end thereof a sleeve 12 preferably of a non-magnetic material such as brass, and a magnetizable pad 13 pressed into the outer end of said sleeve and preferably disposed against an annular shoulder provided in the said sleeve 12. The said sleeve 12 is also preferably pressed into the cylindrical housing 10. The magnetizable pad 13 comprises an outer non-magnetic peripheral ring 13!) and preferably three fiat magnetizable steel bars 131, 132 and 131 disposed in parallel spaced relationship within and across said peripheral ring with the central bar 132 disposed on and normal to the longitudinal axis of the said non-magnetic ring 130. The magnetizable steel bars 131, 132 and 131 are preferably secured within the peripheral ring 130 of the magnetizable pad 13 by such means by being molded therein by a suitable non-magnetic material such as an epoxy resin or other suitable binder 133. The outer end faces of the housing 11, the

sleeve 12 and the pad 13 are all ground precisely normal to the longitudinal axis of the said housing 11 after said pressed fit assembly thereof, thus making the said one end of the cylinder square precisely normal to the longitudinal axis thereof.

Within the cylindrical housing 11 and the non-magnetic sleeve 12 pressed therein is a magnetic piston as sembly 15 consisting of a magnetic piston 16 turnable within the said non-magnetic sleeve 12, a non-magnetic operating head 17, and a connecting rod 18 preferably pin connected in non-turnable relationship to the magnetic piston 16 and the operating head 17.

The magnetic piston 16 is preferably constructed of a non-magnetic shell within which are disposed preferably three longitudinally disposed permanent magnets 161, 162 and 161 which may be of the Alnico type fixed in the said non-magnetic shell 161 by such means as an epoxy resin or other suitable binder 163. The said permanent magnets 161, 162 and 161 are so located within the said non-magnetic shell 160 that they may be aligned with the magnetizable steel bars 131, 132. and 131 respectively of the magnetizable pad 13 by turning the said magnetic piston to its ON position shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 6.

The connecting rod 18 is pin connected at one end to the skirt 1600 of the non-magnetic shell 160 of the magnetic piston 16 by a suitable combined stop and anchor pin 19 which extends through the piston rod 13 and through the skirt 1600 of the said magnetic piston 16. The said connecting rod 18 is preferably pin connected at its other end to the operating head 17 by a suitable anchor pin 20. The said combined stop and anchor pin 19 extends at 1% beyond the skirt 1600 of the shell 160 of the magnetic piston 16 into an arcuate cut-out 121 in the said non-magnetic sleeve 12, the walls at the ends of the cut-out 121 providing limit abutments 122 which are contacted by the stop extension 190 of the combined stop and anchor pin 19. The length and location of the cut-out 121 in the nonmagnetic sleeve 12 is such as will permit the magnetic piston to be turned with its permanent magnets 161, 162 and 161 into an ON position in alignment with the magnetizable steel bars 131, 132 and 131 respectively of the magnetizable steel pad 13, and into an OFF position preferably with the said permanent magnets 161, 162 and 161 forty-five degrees out-of-alignment with the said steel bars 131, 132 and 131 respectively of the said magnetizable steel pad 13 as shown in FIG. 7.

A typical but not limited example of use of a magnetic cylinder square is illustrated in FIG. 8. The structure to be checked consists of a right angle finished casting 25. The magnetic cylinder square 10 is adhered magnetically to the said angular casting with one end thereof fixed in firm abutment with one leg or wall 250 of the said casting 25. By gauging or calipering at A and at B, the ninety degree angularity of the Walls 250 and 251 of the said casting 25 may be checked.

Obviously, the magnetic cylinder square 10 may be used for many other checking purposes than the one hereinbefore mentioned. When the magnetic cylinder square 10 has its operating head 17 turned to the OFF position, the opposite square end thereof is demagnetized so that the said magnetic cylinder square will not adhere to a work piece. By simply placing the square end of the said magnetic cylinder square against a fiat Work surface and turning the operating head 17 to its ON position, the magnetic cylinder square 10 will adhere firmly to the said fiat work surface in a position precisely normal thereto. By turning the operating head 17 to its OFF position, the said magnetic cylinder square is readily removable from the work piece.

Although but a single embodiment of the invention has been disclosed and described in detail, it is obvious that many changes may be made in the size, shape, arrangement and detail of the various elements thereof, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A magnetic cylinder square comprising a tubular metal housing having the ends thereof disposed normal to the longitudinal axis thereof,

a non-magnetic sleeve fixed in said housing at one end thereof,

a magnetizable pad fixed in the outer end of said sleeve including at least one magnetizable bar extending diametrically thereacross and therethrough,

a piston turnably mounted in said sleeve including at least one permanent magnetic bar extending diametrically thereacross and longitudinally thereof,

said piston being disposed in said sleeve With its permanent magnetic bar in juxtaposition with said magnetizable bar,

and non-magnetic means extending from the other end of said housing connected to said piston for manually turning said piston to an ON position with the magnetic bar of said piston in alignment with said magnetizable bar of said magnetizable pad and to an OFF position with said magnetic bar of said piston out of such alignment,

said tubular metal housing, said sleeve, and said magnetizable pad being in precise alignment in -a plane at said one end of said cylinder normal to the longitudinal axis thereof.

2. A magnetic cylinder square comprising tubular cylindrical metal housing,

a non-magnetic sleeve fixedly disposed in said housing at one end thereof,

-a magnetizable pad fixed in the outer end of said sleeve including a plurality of spaced magnetizable bars extending thereacross and therethrough,

a piston turnably mounted in said sleeve including therein a plurality of laterally spaced longitudinally extending permanent magnetic bars juxtaposed to and alignable with said spaced magnetizable bars of said magnetizable pad responsive to turning said piston in said sleeve,

manually operable non-magnetic means at the other end of said housing connected to said piston for turning the same to an ON position with said magnetic bars aligned with said magnetizable bars and to an OFF position with said magnetic bars out of alignment with said magnetizable bars,

said one end of said tubular cylindrical housing, the outer annulus of said non-magnetic sleeve, and the outer face of said magnetizable pad being in precise alignment normal to the longitudinal axis of said cylindrical housing,

the said cylinder square being magnetically securable axially to a magnetic structure when said piston is turned to its ON position and releasable therefrom when said piston is turned to its OFF position.

3. A magnetic cylinder square comprising a cylindrical steel housing having open ends normal to the longitudinal axis thereof,

a non-magnetic cylindrical sleeve fixed in one outer end of said housing,

a magnetizable pad fixed in the outer end of said sleeve at the end of said housing comprising a plurality of laterally spaced magnetizable bars extending through said pad and fixed in said pad by nonmagnetic means,

the said one outer end of said housing being normal to the longitudinal axis thereof, and said sleeve and said pad being in a plane parallel to said outerend of said housing,

a turnable magnetic piston comprising a non-magnetic shell including longitudinally disposed permanent magnet elements fixed therein by non-magnetic means and disposed in lateral spaced relationship for alignment with the magnetizable bars of said pad,

said turnable magnetic piston being disposed within said shell with the inner ends of said permanent magnet elements thereof in juxtaposition with the inner face of said pad,

a non-magnetic operating head turnably mounted in the other end of said housing including a connecting rod connected in non-turnable relationship to said operating head and said turnable magnetic piston whereby to turn the same within said nonmagnetic sleeve in said cylindrical housing,

5 6 and means limiting the turning of said magnetic piston References Cited by the Examiner within said sleeve in said cylindrical housing with UNITED STATES PATENTS the magnetic bars thereof selectively in an ON position in alignment with or to an OFF position 2,471,067 5/1949 Hltchcock 317-159 forty-five degrees out-oflalignment with said fixed 5 2,888,617 5/1959 Baumet 317 159 magnetizable bars in said end pad whereby to make said cylinder square selectively magnetically secur- BERNARD GILHEANY P'lmwry Examiner able to or readily removable from a magnetic G. HARRIS, JR., Assistant Examiner. structure. 

1. A MAGNETIC CYLINDER SQUARE COMPRISING A TUBULAR METAL HOUSING HAVING THE ENDS THEREOF DISPOSED NORMAL TO THE LONGITUDINAL AXIS THEREOF, A NON-MAGNETIC SLEEVE FIXED IN SAID HOUSING AT ONE END THEREOF, A MAGNETIZABLE PAD FIXED IN THE OUTER END OF SAID SLEEVE INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE MAGNETIZABLE BAR EXTENDING DIAMETRICALLY THEREACROSS AND THERETHROUGH, A PISTON TURNABLY MOUNTED IN SAID SLEEVE INCLUDING AT LEAST ONE PERMANENT MAGNETIC BAR EXTENDING DIAMETRICALLY THEREACROSS AND LONGITUDINALLY THEREOF, SAID PISTON BEING DISPOSED IN SAID SLEEVE WITH ITS PERMANENT MAGNETIC BAR IN JUXTAPOSITION WITH SAID MAGNETIZABLE BAR, 